We learned from elementary the three phases of matter, the solid, liquid and gas. We also learned the different simple properties of solid, liquid and gas. We knew that solid has definite shape and volume, liquid has no definite shape, it takes the shape of the container and has definite volume. Gas has no definite shape and volume, it takes the shape of the container and it occupies the entire space available.
How do Gases Behave?
Gases have different chemical properties but have similarities in their physical properties. Example of elements that exist as gas are He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe, they are called monoatomic gases. H2, O2, N2, Cl2, F2 are example of diatomic gases. There are also gases that are compounds, example are CO2, CO, CH4, NO2 and many more. Solids and liquids at room temperature can also exist as vapor when condition in temperature is increased.
1. Gases in general are compressible.
2. Gases volume is equal to the space available of its container.
3. Gases will mix evenly and completely when confined to the same container.
4. Gases have much lower densities than solids and liquids.
These characteristics of gases arise because of the distance between gaseous molecules in which molecules are far apart from each other. The molecules take up only about 0.1% of the total volume and the rest are empty space.
Below are some common gaseous compounds and their characteristics:
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