Acid-Base Reaction

In my previous post, I discussed the different types of chemical reactions, the combination reaction, decomposition, single replacement and double replacement reaction. Acids and bases undergo reaction.  Acid-Base Neutralization is a kind of double replacement reaction producing salt and water.  Another reaction between acid and base  resulting to the production of gas.

Acid-Base Neutralization

Acid-Base Neutralization reaction is an acid and base reaction producing salt and water.   It is called neutralization since the acidity and basicity of acids and bases are neutralized. See the the format below:

When acid and base react it produce salt and water. It is called neutralization since the H+ ion concentration is being neutralized with OH- ion making it neutral.  The acidity and basicity of the two reactants are canceled out.

For example, when a solution of HCl is mixed with NaOH, neutralization occur producing water and salt.

Since both HCl and NaOH are strong electrolytes, both are completely ionized in water.  The ionic equation is shown below:

Therefore, the reaction can be represented by the net ionic equation as shown below:

Na+ and Cl-  are spectator ions.

Lets consider a reaction between a weak acid and a strong base,

The ionic equation of this reaction is:

HCN being a weak base will not be ionized in water.  And the net ionic equation of this reaction :

Other reactions of acids and bases are the following:

Acid-Base Reactions Leading to Gas Formation

Some salts that are basic when it reacts with an acid produced gas.  These salts are the following:

Examples of reaction between this salts and acids are shown below: